目前中德两国关系正处于历史最佳时间，政治、经贸、科教等领域的交流与合作日益频繁，所以目前去德国留学是一个非常好的时机。而我们都知道，申请去德国留学需要获得学生签证。那么德国留学签证应该如何办理呢?
If you have gained admission to study at a university in Germany, you will need to find out whether you need to apply for a German student visa. Many students do not need a student visa to study in Germany, but just need a residence permit. If you do need a visa, be sure to apply as early as possible, as the process may take a few months.
德国双元制留学留学德国双元制介绍，如果你已经获得了德国某一大学的录取资格，这个时候你就需要弄清楚自己是否需要办理德国留学签证了。很多的学生不需要凭借学生签证就可以实现德国留学，但是需要获得一个居住许可证。如果你需要签证的话，那么请务必尽可能早的开始申请，因为办理学生签证可能需要花费一定的时间。
Do you need a German student visa?
Applicants within the European Union (including Norway, Switzerland, Iceland and Liechtenstein):
If you are applying to study in Germany from within the EU (including Norway, Switzerland, Iceland and Liechtenstein) you do not need to obtain a German student visa before entering the country.
Applicants from the US, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Israel, Japan, South Korea:
If you are from any of these countries you do not need a visa to study in Germany. However, you will need to register at the local Residents’ Registration Office and the Aliens’ Registration Office (Ausl?nderamt) to obtain a residence permit (Aufenthaltserlaubnis) within two weeks of arrival in the country.
Applicants from Andorra, Brazil, El Salvador, Honduras, Monaco, San Marino or Taiwan:
If you are from any of these countries, you will only need a German student visa if you plan to work before or after your degree. In this case you should apply for the visa in your home country via your local German embassy or consulate. Both visa holders and non-visa holders will also need to apply for a residence permit within two weeks of entry. Students from Taiwan must have a passport which includes an identity card number.
Applicants from the rest of the world:
If you are from any other country not listed above, you will require a student visa for Germany. You should apply for this via the local German embassy or consulate in your home country. The typical fee for a visa is 60 (~US$65).
你是否需要德国学生签证?
- 欧盟国家的申请者(包括挪威、瑞士、冰岛和列支敦士登)：
如果你是一名来自欧盟国家(包括挪威、瑞士、冰岛和列支敦士登)的学生，并且正在申请去德国留学的话，那么在进入德国之前，你将不需要获得德国学生签证。
- 来自美国、加拿大、澳大利亚、新西兰、以色列、日本、韩国的申请者：
如果你是来自上面这些国家的申请者，那么你去德国留学也不需要学生签证。但是你需要在到达德国的两个星期以内，前往当地居民注册办公室和外国人注册办公室进行登记，以获得居住许可证。
来自安道尔、巴西、萨尔瓦多、洪都拉斯、摩纳哥或者台湾的申请者：
如果你是来自上面这些地区的申请者，并且你想要在获得学位前后工作的话，那么你仅仅只需要获得德国学生签证。如果是这种情况的话，你应该在你的原籍国通过德国大使馆或者领事馆来申请签证。签证持有者以及非签证持有者都需要在达到德国的两个星期以内，申请居住许可证。来自台湾的学生必须有包含身份证号码的护照。
来自世界上其他地区的申请者：
如果你不是上述一些国家的申请者，那么你申请去德国大学留学的话，需要获得学生签证。你应该在你的原籍国通过德国大使馆或者领事馆来申请签证。签证申请费用通常是60 (~US$65)。
How to apply for a student visa for Germany
If you need a student visa for Germany, you should apply as soon as possible, and at least three months before your move to the country. To do this you’ll need to contact the local German embassy or consulate in your home country.
The documents you typically need are:
Completed application form
Valid passport
Two photographs
Letter showing you’ve been accepted by a German university
Transcript of academic record
Certificate of German language proficiency or proof that you intend on attending a language course in Germany (if studying in German)
Proof that you have sufficient funds to support yourself while living in Germany (8,000 per year, which is ~US$8,670)
Certificate showing you’ve purchased health insurance
Declaration of authenticity of documents submitted
Dependent on the embassy, you may also need to show proof that you don’t have a criminal record. One of the ways in which you can prove you have sufficient funds to study in Germany is by depositing a security payment into a blocked account – this means you cannot withdraw the money until after you arrive in Germany.
If you are planning to study in Germany for more than 90 days you should apply for a National Visa for the purpose of study rather than a Schengen Visa, which will only allow you to stay in Germany for three months.
As well as your student visa, you will also need to apply for a residence permit on arrival.
如何申请德国学生签证?
如果你需要获得德国学生签证的话，那么你应该尽可能早的开始申请，并且至少应该在你进入德国之前的3个月就着手申请签证。为了申请德国学生签证，你需要联系当地德国大使馆或者是领事馆。
申请德国学生签证，通常需要提供以下申请文件：
填写完成的签证申请表;
有效的护照;
两张照片;
证明你已经被德国大学录取的通知书或者确认函;
学术记录的成绩单;
德国语言能力证书，或者是说明你将要在德国参加语言课程学习的证明(如果你的专业是德语授课专业的话);
证明你有足够的留学资金来支持自己在德国的生活学习(一年大约需要8,000，即~US$8,670);
显示你购买了健康保险的证明;
递交文件的真实性声明。
根据德国大使馆的规定，你可能还需要提供自己无犯罪记录的证明。另外一个证明你有足够的德国留学资金的方式就是存储保证金到一个冻结帐户，这意味着你在到达德国之前，都不能够取出这笔钱。
如果你计划在德国的学习时间超过90天的话，那么出于留学的目的，你应该申请国家签证，而不是申根签证，该签证只允许你在德国停留3个月的时间。
与学生签证一样，你在达到德国之后，还将需要申请居住许可证。
How to apply for a residence permit
Once in the country, you will have to register with the local Alien Registration Office (Bürgeramt orEinwohnermeldeamt) within two weeks of arrival. Here you must apply for a residence permit for study purposes. The documents you’ll need are similar to those needed for the visa:
Proof of valid private or public health insurance
Certificate of enrolment from your university
Proof of sufficient finances
Valid passport
Current visa, if you have one
Certificate of health (if applicable)
Your tenancy agreement (if applicable)
Biometric passport photos (if applicable)
Residence permit fee (check the current rate beforehand to make sure you bring enough money)
Although you will already have been asked for proof of language proficiency as part of your university application, you may need to provide this information again in order to gain your residence permit. For courses taught in German, international students need to provide a TestDaf or DSH score, or, for English-taught courses, you’ll need to provide a TOEFL or IELTS score.
This residence permit is valid for two years, and, if needed, should be renewed before it expires. Residence permits initially cost 110 (~US$120) and then the fee is 80 (~US$87) for each extension.
如何申请居住许可证?
一旦到达德国，你将需要在到达德国的两个星期以内，到当地的外国人登记处进行登记。出于学习目的，你必须申请居民许可证。申请居民许可证所需要的文件与申请学生签证所需要的材料差不多：
有效的或者是公共的健康保险证明;
从大学获得的入学录取通知书;
足够的留学资金证明;
有效的护照;
现有的签证，如果你有的话;
健康证明(如果适用的话);
你的租赁合同(如果适用的话);
生物识别的护照照片(如果适用的话);
居住许可证办理费用(在确定携带足够的资金之前，了解现行的货币费率)。
虽然，在大学申请的过程中，你已经被要求提供语言能力证明了，但是为了获得你的居民许可证明，你可能需要重新提供这些信息。对于申请德语授课的专业的国际学生而言，需要提供德福考试成绩(TestDaf)或者入学德语考试(DSH)成绩;或者对于申请英语授课专业的学生而言，你需要提供托福考试成绩或者是雅思考试成绩。
该居民许可证明的有效时间是两年，而且，如果需要的话，你应该在其失效之前重新进行更新。首次办理居住许可证的费用是110 (~US$120)，之后每一次延期的费用是80 (~US$87)。
EU students
Students from the EU/EEA (as well as Norway, Switzerland, Iceland and Liechtenstein) do not need a residence permit, but must register with the local Einwohnermeldeamt or Bürgeramt (registration authority) within a week of their arrival. You’ll need your registration document from your university for this. EU students also need to prove they have enough money (8,000 per year), statutory health insurance if under 30, and proficiency in their course’s language of instruction. Certain countries have bilateral agreements with Germany, which mean insurance policies in the student’s home country will be applicable in Germany.
欧盟学生：
来自欧盟/欧洲经济区的学生(以及挪威、瑞士、冰岛和列支敦士登)不需要居住许可证明，但是必须在到达德国的一个星期内，前往当地居民的登记权利机构进行登记。你将需要从你的大学获得登记文件。欧盟学生同样需要证明自己的经济能力，证明自己每一年有8,000的留学资金。如果你是30岁以下的话，还需要提供法定的健康保险证;除此之外，还需要证明自己在专业学习授课语言中的语言能力。一些特定的国家与德国有双边协议，这意味着在学生原籍国的保险政策将会同样适用于德国。
Have you considered a student applicant visa?
If you have not yet been accepted to study at a German university, you may consider applying for a student applicant visa. This allows you to stay in Germany for three months in order to look for a university program on German soil. If you have not enrolled in this time, you may ask for your visa to be extended to six months, but whether or not this is granted is at the discretion of the visa authorities. After enrollment, your student applicant visa can be converted into a national visa. To apply for this type of visa, you’ll need to provide proof of your application to a German university.
你是否考虑过学生申请签证?
如果你还没有获得德国大学的录取通知，你也许可以考虑申请学生申请签证。该签证可以让你在德国停留3个月的时间，以找到合适的德国大学和专业留学。如果你在这个时候还没有登记的话，你也许可以申请你的签证延期至6个月，但是延期是否通过，都是由签证申请权利机构决定的。在注册之后，你的学生申请签证可以转化成国家签证。申请这种类型的签证，你需要提供自己申请德国大学的证明。
Working in Germany with a student visa
It is legal to work in Germany with a student visa, but students are restricted to the number of days they can work. This is 120 full days each year or 240 half days. (If you take a job as a student assistant or research assistant at your university, it’s usually no problem to exceed the 120-day limit. However, you must inform the Alien Registration Office if you do.) Students from the EU can work for up to 20 hours per week without the need for a work permit.
If you want to stay in Germany to seek work after your degree, international students with a residence permit can extend it to stay in Germany and seek work for up to 18 months after graduating, as long as the job is related to their field of study. Graduates from EU/EEA countries can stay on to seek work without any restrictions or permits. After two years of employment in Germany, it’s possible to apply for permanent residency status. It’s definitely beneficial to be proficient in the German language when seeking work in Germany, but not always essential.
依靠学生签证在德国打工：
依靠学生签证在德国打工是合理合法的行为，但是受到工作时间长短的限制。学生每年可以工作120个全天，或者是240个半天。(如果你是所在大学的一名学生助理或者是研究助理的话，那么工作时间通常不会受到120个全天的限制，即如果超过这个范围，也没有什么大问题。但是，如果你超过工作时间的话，必须要通知外国人登记办公室。)来自欧盟国家的学生每一个星期最多可以工作20个小时，不需要工作许可证明。
如果你想要去德国留学，并且想要在完成学位专业学习之后在德国工作的话，国际学生可以在毕业之后，延长自己的居住许可证明最多18个月，便于在德国寻找合适的工作，只要该工作与自己的学历领域相关。从欧盟/欧洲经济区国家毕业的学生可以在没有任何许可或者限制的情况下待在德国寻找工作。在德国工作两年以后，就可以申请德国永久居民身份。在德国找工作的时候，熟练的德语语言能力一定是大有裨益的，但是并不总是最关键的因素。