If you have gained admission to study at a university in Germany, you will need to find out whether you need to apply for a German student visa. Many students do not need a student visa to study in Germany, but just need a residence permit. If you do need a visa, be sure to apply as early as possible, as the process may take a few months.
如果你已经获得了德国大学的录取，那么你接下来要做的就是了解清楚你是否需要申请德国留学签证。许多学生不需要学生签证，只需要居留证就可以在德国留学。如果你需要申请留学签证的话，请尽早开始申请，因为申请签证可能需要几个月的时间。那么申请德国留学签证需要哪些材料，有哪些步骤呢?
Do you need a German student visa?
Applicants within the European Union (including Norway, Switzerland, Iceland and Liechtenstein):
If you are applying to study in Germany from within the EU (including Norway, Switzerland, Iceland and Liechtenstein) you do not need to obtain a German student visa before entering the country.
Applicants from the US, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Israel, Japan, South Korea:
If you are from any of these countries you do not need a visa to study in Germany. However, you will need to register at the local Residents’ Registration Office and the Aliens’ Registration Office (Ausl?nderamt) to obtain a residence permit (Aufenthaltserlaubnis) within two weeks of arrival in the country.
Applicants from Andorra, Brazil, El Salvador, Honduras, Monaco, San Marino or Taiwan:
If you are from any of these countries, you will only need a German student visa if you plan to work before or after your degree. In this case you should apply for the visa in your home country via your local German embassy or consulate. Both visa holders and non-visa holders will also need to apply for a residence permit within two weeks of entry. Students from Taiwan must have a passport which includes an identity card number.
Applicants from the rest of the world:
If you are from any other country not listed above, you will require a student visa for Germany. You should apply for this via the local German embassy or consulate in your home country. The typical fee for a visa is 60 (~US$65).
你是否需要申请德国留学签证?
来自欧盟国家的申请人(包括挪威，瑞士，冰岛和列支敦士登) ：
德国双元制留学留学德国双元制介绍，如果你是欧盟国家(包括挪威，瑞士，冰岛和列支敦士登)的申请人，在你入境德国之前你不需要获得德国学生签证。
来自美国、加拿大、澳大利亚、新西兰、以色列、日本、韩国的申请人：
如果你是来自这些国家的申请人，你也不需要签证就可以在德国留学。但是，你需要在入境德国之后的两周内到当地居民登记办公室和外国人登记办公室去登记，获得居留许可(Aufenthaltserlaubnis)。
来自安道尔、巴西、萨尔瓦多、洪都拉斯、摩纳哥、圣马力诺或台湾的申请人：
如果你来自这些国家，并打算在你获得学位之前或之后在德国工作，你只需要办理德国学生签证。在这种情况下，你应该通过你本国的德国大使馆或领事馆申请签证。签证持有者和非签证持有者都需要在入境两个星期内申请居住许可。来自台湾的留学生必须持有护照，护照需包含身份证号码。
来自世界其他国家和地区的申请人：
如果你来自未在以上列出的其他国家，你将需要申请德国学生签证。你需要通过你本国的德国大使馆或领事馆进行签证申请。一般留学签证的费用是60欧元(约为65美元)。
How to apply for a student visa for Germany
If you need a student visa for Germany, you should apply as soon as possible, and at least three months before your move to the country. To do this you’ll need to contact the local German embassy or consulate in your home country.
The documents you typically need are:
-Completed application form
-Valid passport
-Two photographs
-Letter showing you’ve been accepted by a German university
-Transcript of academic record
-Certificate of German language proficiency or proof that you intend on attending a language course in Germany (if studying in German)
-Proof that you have sufficient funds to support yourself while living in Germany (8,000 per year, which is ~US$8,670)
-Certificate showing you’ve purchased health insurance
Declaration of authenticity of documents submitted
Dependent on the embassy, you may also need to show proof that you don’t have a criminal record. One of the ways in which you can prove you have sufficient funds to study in Germany is by depositing a security payment into a blocked account – this means you cannot withdraw the money until after you arrive in Germany.
If you are planning to study in Germany for more than 90 days you should apply for a National Visa for the purpose of study rather than a Schengen Visa, which will only allow you to stay in Germany for three months.
As well as your student visa, you will also need to apply for a residence permit on arrival.
如何申请德国留学签证
如果你需要取得德国学生签证，应该尽快申请，至少在你出发去德国的三个月前开始申请。想要申请德国留学签证，你需要联系你本国的德国大使馆或领事馆。
一般来说，你需要提交以下材料：
-填写好的申请表格
-仍在有效期的护照
-两张照片
-你已被德国大学录取的证明信
-成绩单
-德语语言能力证明，或者你参加过德语培训课程的证明(如果你将去德国参加德语授课的课程)
-证明你有足够的资金用于负担你在德国留学期间的生活费(8,000欧元每年，大约为8,670美元每年)
-购买健康保险的证明
-提交文件真实性的声明
有的大使馆可能还会要求你提交无犯罪记录的证明。证明你有足够资金去德国留学的途径之一就是将钱存入一个冻结帐户，这意味着你在抵达德国之前都不能取出这笔钱。
如果你计划在德国学习超过90天，那你申请来德国的目的是学习的国家签证，而不是申根签证，申根签证只允许你在德国待三个月。
除了学生签证，你还需要在入境德国后申请居留证。
How to apply for a residence permit
Once in the country, you will have to register with the local Alien Registration Office (Bürgeramt orEinwohnermeldeamt) within two weeks of arrival. Here you must apply for a residence permit for study purposes. The documents you’ll need are similar to those needed for the visa:
-Proof of valid private or public health insurance
-Certificate of enrolment from your university
-Proof of sufficient finances
-Valid passport
-Current visa, if you have one
-Certificate of health (if applicable)
-Your tenancy agreement (if applicable)
-Biometric passport photos (if applicable)
Residence permit fee (check the current rate beforehand to make sure you bring enough money)
Although you will already have been asked for proof of language proficiency as part of your university application, you may need to provide this information again in order to gain your residence permit. For courses taught in German, international students need to provide a TestDaf or DSH score, or, for English-taught courses, you’ll need to provide a TOEFL or IELTS score.
This residence permit is valid for two years, and, if needed, should be renewed before it expires. Residence permits initially cost 110 (~US$120) and then the fee is 80 (~US$87) for each extension.
EU students
Students from the EU/EEA (as well as Norway, Switzerland, Iceland and Liechtenstein) do not need a residence permit, but must register with the local Einwohnermeldeamt or Bürgeramt (registration authority) within a week of their arrival. You’ll need your registration document from your university for this. EU students also need to prove they have enough money (8,000 per year), statutory health insurance if under 30, and proficiency in their course’s language of instruction. Certain countries have bilateral agreements with Germany, which mean insurance policies in the student’s home country will be applicable in Germany.
如何申请居留证
一旦你入境德国，你必须在抵达后的两周内去当地的外国人登记处进行登记(市民服务中心或户籍管理处) 。在这里你需要申请以学习为目的的居留证，你需要提交的材料与申请签证的材料大致相同：
-有效的私人或公共医疗保险证明
-你所在大学的入学证明
-足额的资金证明
-仍在有效期的护照
-目前所持有的签证，如果你有的话
-出生证明(如果适用的话)
-你的租赁合同(如果适用的话)
-生物识别护照照片(如果适用的话)
-居留许可证的办理费用(请在办理之前查询目前的具体收费，确保你带了足够的钱前去办理)
虽然在申请大学时，你已经被要求提供语言能力证明，但是为了获得居留证，你可能需要再次提供这些证明。对于德语授课的课程，国际留学生需要提供德福或德语入学考试的分数，对于英语授课的课程，你需要提供托福或雅思考试成绩。
这种居留证的有效期为两年，如果有需要的话，你需要在居留证到期之前进行延期。第一次办理居留证的费用为110欧元(大约为120美元)，每次延期的费用是80欧元(大约为87美元)。
欧盟学生
来自欧盟/欧洲经济区(以及挪威、瑞士、冰岛和列支敦士登)的学生不需要居留证，但是这些学生必须在他们到达德国之后的一周内在当地居民登记办公室和外国人登记办公室(Einwohnermeldeamt或Bürgeramt)进行注册。因此你需要从你的大学获得注册文件。欧盟学生也需要证明他们有足够的资金 (8,000欧元每年)，如果在30岁以下，还需要有法定的健康保险，以下他们所参加课程授课语言的熟练程度。某些国家与德国有双边协定，这意味着学生本国的保险政策在德国也适用。
Have you considered a student applicant visa?
If you have not yet been accepted to study at a German university, you may consider applying for a student applicant visa. This allows you to stay in Germany for three months in order to look for a university program on German soil. If you have not enrolled in this time, you may ask for your visa to be extended to six months, but whether or not this is granted is at the discretion of the visa authorities. After enrollment, your student applicant visa can be converted into a national visa. To apply for this type of visa, you’ll need to provide proof of your application to a German university.
你考虑过学生申请人签证吗?
如果你还未被德国大学录取，你可以考虑申请学生申请人签证。这个签证能够让你在德国待三个月的时间，在此期间你可以在德国寻找大学课程。如果在这三个月的时间内你仍然没有被德国大学录取，你可以将你的签证延长至六个月，但是能否延长将取决于签证机关的判断。在德国大学入学之后，你的学生申请人签证可以转换为国家签证。想要申请此类签证，你需要提供你申请德国大学的证明。
Working in Germany with a student visa
It is legal to work in Germany with a student visa, but students are restricted to the number of days they can work. This is 120 full days each year or 240 half days. (If you take a job as a student assistant or research assistant at your university, it’s usually no problem to exceed the 120-day limit. However, you must inform the Alien Registration Office if you do.) Students from the EU can work for up to 20 hours per week without the need for a work permit.
If you want to stay in Germany to seek work after your degree, international students with a residence permit can extend it to stay in Germany and seek work for up to 18 months after graduating, as long as the job is related to their field of study. Graduates from EU/EEA countries can stay on to seek work without any restrictions or permits. After two years of employment in Germany, it’s possible to apply for permanent residency status. It’s definitely beneficial to be proficient in the German language when seeking work in Germany, but not always essential.
持学生签证在德国工作
在德国持学生签证工作是合法的，但是学生有工作天数的限制规定，每年可以工作120个全天或240个半天。(如果你在你的大学里进行研究助理或学生助理的工作，超过120天的限制通常是没有问题的。但是，如果你需要这么做的话，你必须告知外国人登记办公室。)来自欧盟国家的学生每周可以工作最多20小时，不需要办理工作许可。
如果你想要在获得学位之后留在德国找工作，持居留证的国际学生可以将居留证延期，在毕业之后最多可以留在德国18个月的时间来找工作，只要这份工作与他们的学习领域有关。欧盟/欧洲经济区国家的毕业生可以留下来找工作，没有任何限制，也不需要办理许可证。在德国工作两年之后，你可能能够申请永久居留身份。想要在德国找工作，精通德语绝对是非常有帮助的，但是并不总是必不可少的。